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4/0
A printed piece with four colors (full color) printing on the front side and no printing on the backside.
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4/1
A printed piece with four colors (full color) printing on the front side and one color printing on the backside.
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4/4
A printed piece with four colors (full color) on the front side and four colors (full color) printing on the backside.
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Against the Grain
At right angles to the direction of the grain of the paper. Pieces can be printed against the grain to make the paper feel thicker.
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Aqueous Coating
A clear, non-toxic coating that’s applied like ink by a printing press to protect and enhance the printed surface. AQ adds brilliance and durability to GTI SmART Print products such as postcards, premium flyers, booklets, and catalogs.
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Backside
Logically, this is the side that is opposite the front. |
Bind
The joining of paper sheets to form a book or booklet with staples, wire, glue or other means. GTI SmART Print offers two standard binding methods for booklets: saddle-stitched (stapled) and wire-o.
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Binding
The process that starts after GTI SmART Print has laid ink on paper. This process includes cutting, trimming, folding, collating, stitching, pasting, and inserting.
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Blanket
Helps transfer images in offset printing. It is a rubber-surfaced fabric that is clamped around a cylinder. The image is transferred from the plate to the blanket, and from there, transferred to the paper.
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Blind Image
An image that is debossed or embossed, but not printed with ink or foil. |
Bond Paper
A grade of writing or printing paper where strength, durability and performance are essential requirements. Often used for letterhead. |
Book Paper
A general term for coated and uncoated paper. |
Brightness
In paper, brightness refers to how brilliant or reflective paper is.
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C
C is short for cyan in the four-color printing process.
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C1S and C2S
C1S is short for coated one side; C2S is short for coated two sides.
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Cast Coated Paper
Paper dried under pressure against a heated, polished cylinder to produce a high-gloss enamel finish.
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Chalking
Improper drying of ink, when pigments dust off because ink has been absorbed too rapidly into the paper.
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CIP4
The International Cooperation for the Integration of Processes in Prepress, Press, and Postpress (CIP4) Organization; a not-for-profit association responsible for JDF.
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CMYK
The industry shortcut for cyan, magenta, yellow, and key (black). CMYK is the standard color model used in four-color printing process used by GTI SmART Print.
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Coated Paper
Paper with a coating of clay or other substance that improves reflectivity and ink holdout. GTI SmART Print uses two coatings – UV and aqueous – to improve the quality of your printed pieces.
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Color Bar
The color strip on proofs that is used as a guide for the printer to determine the amount and density of ink needed. A color bar is a standard used to compare color accuracy of an image for output; color bars are printed on proofs and forms to maintain color consistency.
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Color Cast
The unwanted discoloration of an entire image or portion of an image caused by an overabundance of one color.
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Color Corrections
Adjusting an image to improve overall output color. |
Color Separations
The four-color negatives or positives created when filters are used to change full-color artwork into the four process colors (yellow, magenta, cyan, and black). Color separation is done for offset printing jobs so that each color layer can be printed separately – one layer on top of the next layer – to give the final printed piece a consistent, full-color look.
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Color Sequence
The order in which the four-color process inks are printed on the press. |
Comb Bind
A method of binding a booklet by inserting the teeth of a flexible plastic comb through holes punched along the edge of a stack of paper.
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Computer-to-Plate (CTP)
A system in which desktop publishing software, electronic prepress workstations, and platesetters allow the imaging of metal plates for any format of press without the use of film, stripping or traditional platemaking. This process results in lower costs while shortening the amount of time needed to get a job on the press.
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Coverage
The amount of ink on a paper sheet, usually given in percentages. |
Creep
The shifting position of the page in a saddle-stitched bind. Creep moves the inside pages away from the spine.
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Cure
The process to dry inks or other coatings after printing to ensure good adhesion and prevent set-off.
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Cyan
Cyan is one of the subtractive primary colors used by GTI SmART Print in process printing. It is commonly known as "process blue."
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Deboss
To press an image into paper so it lays below the surface. |
Die
A device made out of sharp steel that is used to cut, score, stamp, emboss, or deboss irregular shapes. |
Diecutting
A die made out of sharp steel is used to cut irregular shapes in printed sheets. Diecutting is done on either flatbed or rotary presses. |
Direct Imaging
Digital image files are converted into CMYK bitmaps (ripped) and burned directly into the plates by a laser, eliminating the costly and environmentally questionable film step. |
Direct Imaging Press (DI)
An offset press on which plates are imaged while on press directly from files prepared on a dedicated electronic prepress workstation. GTI SmART Print uses DI presses to print certain products, including economy flyers, stickers, door hangers, letterhead, memo pads, and envelopes. |
Direct-to-Plate
The printing process used by GTI SmART Print that transfers information from a client's file directly to the plate, producing high quality printed pieces. This printing process does not require the use of film. |
Dot
The basic halftone printing unit. A series of dots are combined to create a printed image. |
Dot Pattern
A series of dots that make up a printed image. |
Dots Per Inch (DPI)
A measurement of resolution of a printed image as determined by the number of dots that fit into one inch. The higher the concentration of dpi, the sharper the image will be. |
DPI
Abbreviation for dots per inch.
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Duotone
A halftone that prints in two colors to create greater visual interest or more subtle detail and gray tones. |
Duplexing
The ability of a press or digital copier to print on both sides of a sheet without having to manually turn the sheet over. |
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Emboss
The process of pressing an image into paper so it lays above the surface. |
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Feeder
The part of the press that separates the sheets of paper and feeds them into position for printing. |
Flat
The assembled composite of digital files ready for platemaking, the final step before printing. |
Foil Stamping
The process of pressing a heated die onto a sheet of foil, releasing the foil from its backing and adhering it to the paper to create a foil design on a printed piece. |
Form
Each side of a sheet of paper. |
Four-Color Printing
Cyan, magenta, yellow, and blank inks are used to create a full-color image. |
Frontside
Frontside is the side that is opposite the back. For postcards, the frontside is often coated with aqueous coating. |
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Gang Printing
The process of printing two or more finished products on the same sheet during a press run. GTI SmART Print uses gang printing to provide customers with low prices on a number of different products. |
Ghosting
When a faint image on a printed sheet can be seen where it was not intended to appear. |
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House Sheet
Paper kept in stock by GTI SmART Print that is suitable for a wide variety of printing jobs. |
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Imagesetter
A high-resolution laser output device that takes digital design files and produces film negatives that older processes require to make printing plates. Sometimes this is referred to as Lino, after one of the first brands of imagesetters. |
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K
Short for black (key) in four-color process printing. |
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Line Screen
Measures the number of dot lines per inch, which provides an indication of image sharpness. The finer the "screen" used to create printing plates, the more detail can be seen in the final printed piece. GTI SmART Print printing presses are run at line screens up to 175 lines per inch. |
Lines Per Inch (LPI)
The number of dot lines created per inch, which provides an indication of image sharpness. The finer the "screen" used to create printing plates, the more detail there is in the final printed piece. Most color printing is performed between 133 and 175 lines per inch. |
Lithography
A method of printing using plates whose image areas attract ink and whose non-image areas repel ink. The images are first printed onto a rubber blanket and then offset to paper. |
LPI
Abbreviation for lines per inch.
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M
Abbreviation for magenta in the four-color printing process. |
Magenta
One of the subtractive primary colors used by GTI SmART Print in process printing. It is commonly known as "process red." |
Mask
The process used to prevent light from reaching part of an image, therefore isolating the remaining part. |
Moire
Moire An undesirable pattern that appears when two or more screen patterns are placed over one another. Moire may be caused by misalignment, incorrect screen angles, slipping or slurring. |
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Negative
A reverse of an image created when processing film. The light and dark parts of an image are tonally reversed from the original copy. |
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Offset Lithography
A printing process where the image prints by transferring ink from a plate to a rubber blanket that then deposits the ink onto the substrate instead of printing directly from plate to paper. |
Offset Printing
Otherwise known as offset lithography, this is a printing process where the image prints by transferring ink from a plate to a rubber blanket that deposits the ink onto the substrate instead of directly from plate to paper. |
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Pantone Matching Systems (PMS)
The most popular color matching systems used in the printing industry. A true PMS color is defined by a mixture of inks that will create a specific color. |
Perfect Binding
A bindery method in which all pages are trimmed to a single sheet. They are clamped together and a cover is wrapped around the spine. The pages are attached to the cover using and adhesive. |
Perforation
Perforation takes place on a binder machine, creating a line of small dotted holes that make it easy to tear off a part of printed material. |
Plate
A metal sheet carrying an image to be reproduced using a printing press. |
PMS
Abbreviation for pantone matching systems. |
Press Layout
Also known as ruleup, press layout is a drawing that shows how a printing job must be imposed using a specific press and sheet size. It shows where pieces will be cut, perforated and folded. |
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Raster
To convert mathematical and digital information into a series of dots by an imagesetter as digital data that will be used for output. |
Raster Image Processor (RIP)
A device that translates page description commands into bitmapped information for an output device such as an imagesetter. A raster image processor is used to convert the output of a pre-press computer system into a format usable by an imagesetter. |
RIP
Abbreviation for raster image processor. |
Ruleup
Ruleup, or press layout, is a drawing that shows how a printing job must be imposed using a specific press and sheet size. It shows where pieces will be cut, perforated and folded. |
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Saddle-Stitched
Commonly referred to as saddle stapled, this is a binding that features one or more staples in the spine of the book or booklet. GTI SmART Print offers saddle-stitched (stapled) binding as an option for booklets and catalogs. |
Score
A shallow crease where a sheet of paper will be folded. A score is important because it prevents the ink (and paper) from cracking at the edge of the fold. |
Scoring
Scoring is the process of pressing a "channel" into a sheet of paper to allow it to fold more easily. Scoring is important because it prevents the ink (and paper) from cracking at the edge of the fold. |
Split Run
The printing of a book or booklet that has some copies bound one way and other copies bound another way. |
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Tree-Free
Certain paper types that are made from renewable resources other than trees, such as bamboo, cotton, or hemp. |
Typesetting
To lay out words, text and logos for printing. |
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Uncoated
Uncoated paper is coated with UV Coating or Aqueous Coating during the finishing process when printed. |
UV Coating
The liquid applied to a printed sheet, then bonded and cured with ultraviolet light. This coating yields a tough, almost unscratchable surface that is extremely durable. |
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Wire-O
A mechanical binding that uses double-looped coated metal. GTI SmART Print offers Wire-O as an option when binding booklets and catalogs.
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